Структура вопросительных предложений в английском и немецком языках

• Номер работы:
  517631
• Раздел:
  Все работы   →   Курсовые проекты - сложные   →   Лингвистика
• Год добавления:
  01.03.2019 г.
• Объем работы:
  30 стр.
• Содержание:
  INTRODUCTION 3
  CHAPTER 1. GENERAL ASPECTS OF FORMING INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES 4
  1.1. Interrogative Sentence and Its Distinctive Features in the English and German Languages 4
  1.2. Main Types of Interrogative Sentences in the English and German Languages 6
  1.3. Typical Structure of Interrogative Sentence in the English and German Languages 9
  CHAPTER 2. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN ENGLISH AND GERMAN BELLES-LETTRES STYLE 14
  2.1. Material under Research 14
  2.2 Dominant Interrogative Sentence Types in “The Perks of Being a Wallflower” by S. Chbosky and “Deutschstunde” by S. Lenz 15
  2.3. Different Types of Interrogative Sentences in the English and German Languages 17
  2.3.1. Common Features 17
  2.3.2. Original Features 21
  2.3.3 Unique Features 23
  2.4. Comparative Analysis of Interrogative Sentences and their Structure in the English and German Languages 25
  CONCLUSION 27
  REFERENCES 29
  
  
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  INTRODUCTION
  The present paper is devoted to the examination of the structure of interrogative sentences in the two languages: English and German. The formal structure of interrogative sentences is one of the topical themes in the modern linguistics. Every language has its own rules of formation of interrogative sentences of different types. But in comparative aspect some languages have a lot of common features in their question structures. It especially concerns English and German as these languages have similar roots. Consequently, the structure of English and German interrogative sentence must have much in common. Nevertheless, languages are developing in different ways. Thus, their structure can get different features. Such differences are best observed in the language of belles-lettres. Interrogative sentences in fiction can have incomplete and transformed structure. Such peculiarities have not been investigated enough in the modern Grammar. Consequently, the theme of the present research is extremely topical today.
  The object of the research is interrogative sentence.
  The subject of the research is the structure of interrogative sentence.
  The aim of the present study is to make a comparative analysis of the structure of interrogative sentence in English and German.
  The tasks of the present research are the following:
  1. To example interrogative sentence and its distinctive features in the English and German languages.
  2. To reveal main types of interrogative sentence in English and German.
  3. To study typical structure of interrogative sentence in the English and German languages.
  4. To analyze dominant interrogative sentence types in the belles-lettres of English and German.
  5. To disclose common, original and unique features of different types of interrogative sentences in the English and German belles-lettres.
  6. To make a comparative analysis of interrogative sentences and their structure in the English and German languages.
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  CHAPTER 1. GENERAL ASPECTS OF FORMING INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
  1.1. Interrogative Sentence and Its Distinctive Features in the English and German Languages
  
  The first task of the investigation of any linguistic phenomenon is grouping and classification of facts. That is why the examination of interrogative sentences in the English and German languages starts with the notion of sentence and its classification in the modern English and German Grammar.
  Sentence as a grammatical term is defined as “a unit of speech which expresses a more or less complete thought and has a definite grammatical form and intonation” [10, p. 259].
  In the modern grammar there are various typologies of sentences in different languages. Sentences are classified according to the link between content of a sentence and the reality (affirmative and negative sentences), to the presence of only one or two principal parts of the sentence (simple and compound sentences), to the presence or absence of subordinate parts of the sentences (extended and unextended sentences), etc. Nevertheless, the most important typology of sentences in the present research is classification according to communicative aim of a sentence, or its purpose.
  Traditionally sentences of the English and German languages (as well of many other languages) are classified in this aspect into three groups:
  1) declarative sentences;
  2) interrogative sentences;
  3) imperative sentences [10, p. 259; 5, p. 250].
  These sentence types reveal strict opposition to one another. Their distinctive features of form and meaning are immediately correlated with the corresponding features of a speaking person. The distinctive feature of the declarative sentence is the fact that such sentence expresses affirmative or negative statement. The main purpose of the imperative sentences is to express inducement which can be also affirmative and negative. As for interrogative sentence which is the object of the present research, this type of sentence expresses a speaker’s request for information, or question.
  It must be noted that this sentence typology is true for both English and German. But still there is a little difference in the types of sentences.
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