Функции герундия в современном английском языке

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  455831
• Раздел:
  Все работы   →   Курсовые проекты - сложные   →   Английский язык
• Год добавления:
  05.06.2017 г.
• Объем работы:
  26 стр.
• Содержание:
  Table of Contents
  
  Introduction 3
  Chapter 1. Gerund as a Non-Finite Verb of English 5
  1.1. English Non-Finite Verbs 5
  1.2. Notion and Peculiarities of Gerund 8
  Chapter 2. Functioning of Gerund in Modern English Literary Texts 14
  2.1. Nominal functions of English Gerund in English Literature 14
  2.2. Verbal Functions of Gerund in English literature 18
  Conclusion 23
  Bibliography 25
  
  
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  Introduction
  
  Investigation of gerund in the English language is very topical and actual today. A lot of foreign and Russian researchers pay attention to this peculiar part of speech in the system of English Grammar. Such interest towards gerund is stipulated by several factors. First of all, gerund is one of the parts of speech which are specific only for several languages and are not used in other languages of the world (for instance, in Russian). Thus, gerund is actively used in the modern English language, but it is totally absent in the Russian one. Secondly, gerund refers to the oppositional category of finiteness. This category dividing all English verbs into finite and non-finite ones is not definite in the modern English Grammar. Its terminology is not unique and stable, and even its componential structure may vary from scientist to scientist. Thirdly, the term “gerund” is considered to be traditional in the modern English Grammar. Nevertheless, there are other terms to call this language phenomenon. And fourthly, gerund is very difficult to define in a text because of its similarity with present participle. Some scientists even believe that these parts of speech must be united in one in order to simplify the English Grammar.
  .............
  Chapter 1. Gerund as a Non-Finite Verb of English
  1.1. English Non-Finite Verbs
  
  The category of finiteness has an oppositional nature in the modern English language. In other words, it is based in opposition of verbal groups. The term “finiteness” was introduced by English researcher Barry Strang, according to the statement of Russian linguist L.S. Barkhudarov [Бархударов 2009, p. 106]. Etymologically this term is a derivative word from Latin term “verbum finitum” denoting a verbal action which takes place during time.
  According to the category of finiteness, an English verb has two types of forms:
  - finite forms;
  - non-finite forms [Ашмарина 2016, p. 4].
  Category of finiteness is oppositional, because finite verbs are opposite to non-finite verbs by their morphological and syntactical features.
  Finite forms of English verbs perform the function of the predicate in the sentence. Consequently, they have a chance to represent different grammatical categories such as number, person, tense, aspect, voice and mood. For example:
  I went to bed late.
  In this sentence the verb “went” refers to finite forms because it functions in this case as a predicate and represents several grammatical categories: tense (Past Simple), voice (Active Voice), mood (Indicative Mood).
  As for non-finite verbs, they cannot be used in the function of the predicate, while they can be a part of it. For example:
  He began crying.
  ......